The results show that integration of multiple stereotactic anatomical data to produce an unbiased, mean model of the thalamic nuclei and their subdivisions is feasible and that the integration reduces problems of atlas reconstruction inherent to histological stacks to a large extent.Ĭopyright (c) 2009 Elsevier Inc. Starting with a reconstruction from a single stack of sections, we iteratively register the current reference model onto the available data and reconstruct a refined mean three-dimensional model. There are many kinds of specialized atlases, such as road atlases and historical atlases. Many atlases also contain facts and history about certain places. Since the stacks differ not only in geometrical detail provided, but also due to inter-individual variability, we adopt an iterative approach for reconstructing the mean model. An atlas is a book or collection of maps. We resolve the topological ambiguity by combining the information provided by histological data from different stereotactic directions. In this work we construct an unbiased, high-resolution three-dimensional atlas of the thalamic structures, representing the average of several stereotactically oriented histological maps. In addition to this bias, the anatomy is displayed with a highly anisotropic resolution, leading to topological ambiguities and limiting the accuracy of geometric reconstruction.
In contrast to macroscopic MRI atlases, which often represent the average of a population, each stack of sections, which a stereotactic atlas provides, is based on a single specimen. The atlas is the topmost vertebra and, with the axis (the vertebra below it), forms the joint connecting the skull and spine. Therefore, one has still to rely on an indirect approach, by transferring detailed histological maps onto the patient's individual brain images. It may be a road atlas, showing highways and roads, or it might be a thematic atlas, showing maps about climate, migration, stars, food, and other topics. In anatomy, the atlas (C1) is the most superior (first) cervical vertebra of the spine and is located in the neck.It is named for Atlas of Greek mythology because, just as Atlas supported the globe, it supports the entire head. Functional neurosurgery relies on robust localization of the subcortical target structures, which cannot be visualized directly with current clinically available in-vivo imaging techniques.
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